Bhagvat Gita is one of the most sacred book of the hindus. It comprises of the conversation of Lord Krishna and Arjuna during the kurukshetra battle, between the pandavas and the kauravas. It is the advice of the Lord to the entire Mankind, generally. The Gita has eighteen chapters. The twelfth chapter is called the Bhakti yoga-ways to reach God. A brief outline about this chapter...
Bhakti yoga deals with the
ways to reach God. It is a path of devotion to reach the Unmanifest.
When Arjuna puts forth the question- "which between the two types of
devotees are superior?"
Lord Krishna answered -"those who have
unanswered faith in the lord, undivided attention, remembrance of the
Lord are surely better devotees. Those who worship the unmanifest and
indefinable Lord with perfect self-control are sure to reach the god."
The lord will be the saviour of those, who dedicate all their activities to the Divine, worship Him with pure faith. The first and the best is Dhyana (meditation), keeping the mind firmly on the Lord. This may be impossible because mind wanders away from God. Then by Abhyasa,brings the again back to Lord. If all attempts of Abyasa fails,one must dedicate all the daily activities to the Lord,that is,Dhyana.If this also fails, one must leave the fruit of of one's work in the hands of the Almighty.
The Bhakti yoga not only server as an important chapter of the Gita but also tells us about the basic qualities and values that one must follow in day-to-day life.
Here’s an exerpt from my Nonprofit Operations Toolkit about three Human Resource steps I take in my nonprofit.
1. I keep the organizational personnel manual in compliance with state employment law.
2. I created procedures for hiring new employees, an orientation and training manual for new employees, and a step-by-step procedure for training those new employees.
3. I keep employment records up to date and created a procedure for the standard way information is stored in the employment files.
The Meaning of Kriya
The word Kriya is composed of two syllables, kri and yâ. In Sanskrit, kri means karma dhatu - action of the elements, and yâ means Soul or Atma. The word Kriya indicates action of the Soul or prâna karma. The first and most important action of the Soul is breath.
The word yoga comes from Sanskrit yuj which means union. The union of the individual soul with Spirit.
Kriya Yoga is a method to attain the union of breath and Soul in each inhalation and exhalation. Expressed in other words: the union of the individual soul with Spirit is called Kriya Yoga. This is true karma.
The practice of Kriya Yoga is based on breath, the brain and the spinal cord. Breath is the mediator between Soul and mind. The brain is the mediator between the sense organs and the mind. All our physical actions are reflected on our sense organs through the intermediary of the lower part of the brain located in the spinal cord. From this lower part of the brain where the lower mind is situated, we pass to the higher mind, then to breath, and lastly from breath to Soul (and then inversely).
The brain is connected to the mind and the mind is connected to chitta. Chitta (the higher mind) is composed of five actions, or five minds which have twenty-five qualities or natures, each creating two results which are called vrittis. This gives fifty types of different inner and outer results - fifty vrittis, which are manifestations of chitta. The vrittis are created by chitta, the higher mind, directly from the Soul through the means of breath. The object of yoga is to control the actions of chitta - Yogâshchittavrittinirodhah (Pâtanjali’s Yoga Sûtra I, 2).
The mind is in constant motion. Our inner and outer actions change constantly and this is reflected by our breath. When we are afraid our breath is agitated, when we feel joy our breath is different, it is also different when we are angry or have any other type of emotion. When the breath is calm, the mind is calm. So, it is only through breath that we are able to control chitta and come to the state called nirodhah. Nirodhah means to close, to lock with a key - which means to stop all actions (vrittis) of chitta and thus have easy access to the meditation state of yoga. The control of chitta, stopping the actions of the mind is obtained by controlling the breath.
Since Kriya Yoga is based on breath, you can practice this special technique during the whole day and in whatever activity you do. When it comes to sitting for meditation, it may be practiced whenever you have time.
Kriya Technique
The teaching of Kriya Yoga is done gradually. It is sectioned into six stages referred to as First Kriya, Second Kriya and so on. The beginner starts with First Kriya. First Kriya is the root, the very foundation which allows for progress through the spiritual path for followers of any religion. It gives access to knowledge of the body, of the Soul and the chakras. It allows for comprehension of the gross body, the astral body and the causal body. Later, after having practized regularly over a period of time and achieved the necessary demanding level of mastery, one can receive second Kriya, and thus progress towards the higher Kriya levels.
Describing Kriya Yoga in words has little meaning. A person may
truly understand only through practice. If you wish to know what an
apple is, a simple description is not enough. Take the fruit, touch it,
taste it, then you will really and immediately understand what an apple
is. The same goes for Kriya Yoga.
The Ultimate Goal
The constant practice of iswara pranidhana (practice of breath control in every moment) gives the siddhi (perfection) of samadhi. The incoming breath is î - power, outgoing breath is ra - light, sva - yourself, is between these two. isvara gives life and will fill yourself.
Iswara pranidhana means that by constantly observing the breath which enters and leaves the body, through practice one will come to the formless state. Then you remain in the divine light enabling yourself to achieve constant nirvana or liberation in your life time. As Jesus Christ said in the Bible: “You can’t see, feel or realize God, but you can be”.
Effects on Life
Prana shakti (life force) flows from the top to the bottom, then inversely from the bottom to the top, of the spine. In this way all the chakras (centres) are touched by life force and by vacuum. The first and second techniques are called pranam and correspond to Yama in Patanjala’s Yoga Sutra. Yama means to obtain inner control or sâmyam. Nothing can be controlled from without because the root is found in our spine. This is why we during the practice of Kriya Yoga bend the spine forward allowing the magnetic life force to flow in the spinal cord. The vacuum is always at the top of our body, this is why we retain equilibrium. So when we bend our spine, the vacuum magnetizes the spine.
Shûnya dhaur bhavet prâna: The vacuum element is our life force. When the vacuum leaves the body, life also leaves.
By practicing Kriya Yoga, we create an inner fire called tapa agni. In the same way that the outer fire, drabya agni, burns whatever we put into it, the inner fire, tapa agni, allows the practitioner to burn his karmas, the results of his past actions, his thoughts as well as all his mental or psychological problems.
This is the richest and royal way of
meditation. Raja means 'King'. Like how the king takes control over his
kingdom this way of meditation takes control over our mind. That is we
use our mind powers to achieve our goals to realize and take control
over ourselves. The basic principle behind
Raja Yoga is Devine is in our heart. And this belief is suppressed by
the flow of thoughts what disturbs the mind. If these thoughts can be
dissolved which rests the mind then one can realize the Devine. All
our beliefs and aims are to be to learn the truth. In Raja yoga no
belief or faith is required other than truth. To experience this truth
a strong desire is required from one self. Raja yoga suggests us the
practical and logical way to learn this truth. There is no limit to the
power of human mind. The more we concentrate the more we can gain this
power. Raja yoga requires constant practice. This Meditation(Raja
Yoga) is to be practiced under the direction of good guide who achieved
perfection in teaching Raja Yoga. The Raja-Yoga gives us perfect
concentration of mind which keeps our mind and body completely relaxed
and free. The practice of Raja-Yoga if not properly directed, may lead
to stresses and disturbances again. So it is essential that one should
practice in the guidance of a right guide or teacher.
Just in any other aspect of decision making, it is important to point to the most fundamental aspect of business management i.e. the individualization of decision making based on organizational needs, wants and ability. It is safe to assume that most business concepts and fundamentals are uniform and apply to virtually all businesses. However, any decision maker or stakeholder has to be aware that those fundamentals have to be tailored to particular organizations current standing, ability as well as organizational goals and organizational strategic vision.
This may lead to the conclusion that informational technology is no exception. Information systems and its respective tools that include software and hardware are simply tools that are used to enhance the organizational ability to become more effective and efficient. Hence those tools have to be tailored and customized in order to reap the benefits. In order to maximize the benefits, one has to assume that operators i.e. employees or decision makers have the greatest knowledge and expertise to use those systems. Equally the customization has to be done in a way that complements the end users ability to use those systems.
Ultimately, it is not far fetched to label
information systems simply as just another tool that can not be
effectively maximized in its usage, unless it is designed, tailored and
customized to fit the goals as well as the ability of the end user to
effective implement their respective usage.
Benchmarking helps us identify best practice in particular areas of HRM such as development or induction. 'Best practice' has an obvious common sense meaning: literally the methods and techniques ways which produce superior results in HRM. In reality the concept is more problematic. Often it is difficult to demonstrate that a particular initiative produced 'superior' result. Fitz-enz (1993) surveyed 600 large US companies and found that excellent outcomes might be reported by two companies with diametrically opposed HR practices. His conclusion was that the 'best practices' they examined was just 'the visible tip of something much deeper in the organization's management philosophy and system'.
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